Sore Throat (Pharyngitis): Causes, Symptoms, and Treatment

A sore throat, medically known as pharyngitis, is a prevalent condition that leads to discomfort, pain, or irritation in the throat. This condition can arise due to viral or bacterial infections, environmental factors, allergies, acid reflux, or other underlying medical issues. While the majority of cases improve naturally, timely medical intervention may be necessary if symptoms persist or worsen, ensuring optimal recovery and preventing complications.

Causes of Sore Throat
Throat discomfort can result from infections, allergies, irritants, or certain lifestyle habits. Viral infections like the common cold, flu, COVID-19, and mononucleosis are frequent causes, while bacterial infections such as strep throat, tonsillitis, and diphtheria can also lead to soreness. Allergens and environmental factors like pollen, dust, smoke, pollution, and dry air may trigger irritation. Acid reflux (GERD) can cause throat discomfort when stomach acid moves up into the esophagus. Vocal strain from excessive talking, shouting, or singing often results in hoarseness. Additional causes include mouth breathing, postnasal drip, throat injuries, and, in rare cases, tumors. Identifying the underlying cause is crucial for effective treatment and relief.

  Symptoms of Sore Throat

• Pain
• Difficulty Swallowing
• Swelling
• Cough
• Fever
  

Treatment for Sore Throat

Home remedies like gargling with warm salt water, staying hydrated, and drinking honey-infused tea can ease a sore throat. Resting the voice, using a humidifier, and avoiding smoke also help. Over-the-counter pain relievers like ibuprofen or acetaminophen can reduce discomfort, while throat lozenges and sprays provide temporary relief. If the pain is severe, lasts several days, or comes with fever or breathing issues, a doctor's visit is necessary for further evaluation and treatment.

 When to See a Doctor

Consult a doctor if:

• Persistent sore throat for more than 10 days.
• Difficulty in breathing or swallowing.
• High fever above 101°F (38.3°C).
• White patches or pus on the tonsils.
• Worsening or persistent swollen lymph nodes.
• Hoarseness lasting over two weeks. 
  

Conclusion

A sore throat is a common issue caused by infections, allergies, or environmental factors. While many cases resolve on their own, proper care and timely treatment can speed up recovery. At ENT Care, we provide specialized diagnosis and treatment to ensure a healthy and comfortable recovery.