Vertigo and its associated disorders?

Vertigo is the sense of a spinning motion, which the patient usually describes as dizziness. Vertigo is frequently confused with lightheadedness. It's the sensation that the world is spinning around them.

Vertigo is divided into two types: peripheral vertigo and central vertigo.

 

1. Peripheral vertigo is caused by a dysfunction in the inner ear, which controls balance - the vestibular labyrinth/semicircular canals.

Head injury, Meniere's disease, inflammation, edoema, or irritation of the inner ear, pressure on the vestibular nerve, Labyrinthitis, and certain medications such as antibiotics, aminoglycosides, cisplatin, or salicylates can all produce peripheral vertigo.              

         2. Central vertigo is caused by a disorder in the brain. This condition can occur in any section of the brain, most commonly in the brain stem or the cerebellum (the back half of the brain).

A stroke, tumour, seizures, blood vessel disease, vestibular migraine, Multiple sclerosis, drugs such as aspirin and anticonvulsants, and alcohol can all produce central vertigo.

Vertigo can also be caused by another condition. Pregnancy causes hormonal changes. Vertigo has its own set of sensations and symptoms that arise when your head begins to spin around.

Dizziness, loss of balance, ringing in the ears, difficulties focusing the eyes, hearing loss, double vision, eye movements, facial paralysis, limb weakness, and difficulty swallowing are symptoms.

Physical therapy, exercise, and prescribed medication are used to treat vertigo depending on the cause. Many prophylactic advices are provided in order to keep vertigo from recurring and to regulate the symptoms.